[Java] What will be printed to a console?

ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
list.add(1);
list.add(2);
list.add(3);
list.remove(1);
System.out.println(list);

Note for starting new Eclipse workspace

• Import Formatter.
• Customize Save Actions.
• Set text editor "spaces for tabs" and "displayed tab width".
• For MacOSX, change "Content Assist" short-key.
• Set content assist to help import favorite static members.
  

[Java] Jars inside Jar

Jar that contains multiple jars inside is not support directly by Java. There are some workarounds on this.

• Put jars in to jar as ordinary files then load them with your own customized classloader. There is a tool such as One-JAR™ but some people told that it causes performance problem (I have not try this).
  
• Extract jars to .class and pack them together to a single jar. You can archive this easily with Ant's Zip Task
  

For me, I choose the second approach. There are more workarounds in reference links below.

Java: Easiest way to merge a release into one jar-file
Is it possible to package all the jar dependencies in one big jar ?

Ubuntu RAR package file name character encoding problem

In my Ubuntu (currently version 10.10), package named "rar" has encoding problem with file that has file name in Thai. But for package named "unrar" there is no problem.

Graceful OSX Shutdown from command line

If you use shutdown -h now running GUI programs will be forced to close. To tell them to close use

osascript -e 'tell application "System Events"' -e 'shut down' -e 'end tell'

Credit :

• Trying to use the SHUTDOWN command from Terminal.What is the SU password?
• Shutdown/Boot from Terminal

Hg - How to combine many dirty commits to one

You can also make dirty research branch and remove it when done in Hg. Credit to Concatenating multiple changesets into one

The concepts are

1. Jump to a changeset that is your last stable(good) changeset with command 'update'.
2. Use command 'revert' to the last changeset of dirty branch*.
3. Commit reverting, this will produce new head.
4. Remove old head with command 'strip'** or pull from other repository the new head with command 'pull -r' and delete this repository.

* The Branch in this context means any branches in Hg graph does not mean to only Hg named branch.
** Strip is an Hg extension.

VIM - How to format and syntax highlight JSON file

Formatting

• Run this command in shell 
  sudo cpan JSON::XS

• Put this line to ~/.vimrc 
  map <leader>jt  <Esc>:%!json_xs -f json -t json-pretty<CR>
  

• When want to format JSON file press

  \jt

  
  
• credit : “tidify” a json in vim

Syntax highlighting

• Download json.vim form http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1945 to ~/.vim/syntax/
• Put this line to ~/.vimrc

  au BufRead,BufNewFile *.json set filetype=json

• credit : Add JSON syntax highlighting in Vim on OS X
  

VIM - How to format Html source code

1. :filetype indent on
2. :set filetype=html
3. :set shiftwidth=n (n = indent size)
4. :set smartindent
5. gg=G (gg = top of file, = is a shortcut of re-tindent, G = botton of file)

For 1,3,4 , you can predefine at .vimrc. While editing Html file, just do 2 and 5

VIM - How to format JavaScript source code

1. Download this plugin jsbeautify
2. Copy it to $HOME/.vim/plugin/
3. In Vim, while you want to format JavaScript code, press \ff*

* From jsbeautify's document tells to press <leader>ff which in Vim <leader> by default is set to "\"

Singleton vs Class method

I want to tell you before go on through the detail that following article is based on Java. Different implemented language might not have the similar behavior.

Singleton or Class method ?

This topic might too old for some of you but I always was reminded to this issue when I was going to write some method just do some algorithms - take inputs, processing, return output.

We will find many discussions on this issue if we do googling. Below this are what I conclude those discussions for myself.

1. Singleton provides typing. You can subclassing or passing it around whatever you can do to an object-oriented instance you can do to Singleton object.
2. Singleton provides state which a lot of you may think it is disgusting.
3. Singleton provides lazy-initialization. You have not to have it on your memory until you are really want it.
4. You can have many instances of Singleton-type. Also can limit number of them. While you can not do this with Class method.

I'm going to update this if I find more distinction points

Shutdown Mac OS X with command line

I have founded that ordinary

$shutdown -p now

command line not enough to close Mac box. It doesn't turn the machine off.

After some googlings, I founded this The Command Line Junkie's Guide To Mac OS X,

which tell me that I can shut it down with command :

osascript -e 'tell application "Finder" to shut down'

Java thread stack size

Today, I have just known that there's an another interesting parameter to set to JVM. It is java thread stack size.

With too high thread stack size, it will effect to low number of thread JVM can create - see this experiment. Not enough memory for java thread (cause from too big stack size) will produce "java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: unable to create new native thread"

You can set java stack thread size by adding -XssnK to JVM argument where n stands for a wanted size.

Now, I am not sure what is the default java thread stack size. Someone tells it is 512Kb. Another one tells it is up to the platform. One thing is that it's vary between each java versions. However, there is a way to get it from your running JVM. I got this trick from Get thread stack size at runtime thanks to claudio. Note that this trick may work only with *nix family.

First, you have to know your target JVM's pid (process id). If your system has only one JVM running, it is easy to use 'ps' or top to find it. But if it has many, my often used approach is to use

jps -lv

and justify it from the informations provided. If the informations are equally the same, help yourself :P.

Now you have target JVM's pid.

Then run following command

jinfo -flag ThreadStackSize {PID}

The jvm's set thread stack size will show to you in Kb.